Core vocabulary organized by category for quick reference.
People & Family
Family Members
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la familia | family |
| el padre | father |
| la madre | mother |
| los padres | parents |
| el hijo | son |
| la hija | daughter |
| los hijos | children |
| el hermano | brother |
| la hermana | sister |
| el abuelo | grandfather |
| la abuela | grandmother |
| los abuelos | grandparents |
| el nieto | grandson |
| la nieta | granddaughter |
| el tío | uncle |
| la tía | aunt |
| el primo | cousin (male) |
| la prima | cousin (female) |
| el sobrino | nephew |
| la sobrina | niece |
| el esposo/marido | husband |
| la esposa/mujer | wife |
| el novio | boyfriend |
| la novia | girlfriend |
| el suegro | father-in-law |
| la suegra | mother-in-law |
People
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la persona | person |
| el hombre | man |
| la mujer | woman |
| el chico | boy |
| la chica | girl |
| el niño | child (male) |
| la niña | child (female) |
| el bebé | baby |
| el amigo | friend (male) |
| la amiga | friend (female) |
| el vecino | neighbor |
| el jefe | boss |
| el colega | colleague |
Body Parts
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la cabeza | head |
| el pelo/cabello | hair |
| la cara | face |
| los ojos | eyes |
| la nariz | nose |
| la boca | mouth |
| los labios | lips |
| los dientes | teeth |
| la lengua | tongue |
| las orejas | ears |
| el cuello | neck |
| el hombro | shoulder |
| el brazo | arm |
| el codo | elbow |
| la muñeca | wrist |
| la mano | hand |
| el dedo | finger |
| la uña | fingernail |
| el pecho | chest |
| la espalda | back |
| el estómago | stomach |
| la pierna | leg |
| la rodilla | knee |
| el tobillo | ankle |
| el pie | foot |
| el dedo del pie | toe |
| el corazón | heart |
Food & Drink
Meals
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el desayuno | breakfast |
| el almuerzo | lunch |
| la comida | meal/lunch |
| la cena | dinner |
| la merienda | snack |
Basic Foods
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el pan | bread |
| el arroz | rice |
| la pasta | pasta |
| el huevo | egg |
| la carne | meat |
| el pollo | chicken |
| el cerdo | pork |
| la res | beef |
| el pescado | fish |
| los mariscos | seafood |
| las verduras | vegetables |
| la fruta | fruit |
| la ensalada | salad |
| la sopa | soup |
| el queso | cheese |
| la mantequilla | butter |
Fruits
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la manzana | apple |
| la naranja | orange |
| el plátano | banana |
| las uvas | grapes |
| la fresa | strawberry |
| el limón | lemon |
| la sandía | watermelon |
| el melocotón | peach |
| la piña | pineapple |
| el mango | mango |
Vegetables
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la patata/papa | potato |
| el tomate | tomato |
| la cebolla | onion |
| el ajo | garlic |
| la zanahoria | carrot |
| la lechuga | lettuce |
| el pimiento | pepper |
| el pepino | cucumber |
| las judías verdes | green beans |
| el maíz | corn |
| los guisantes | peas |
| el brócoli | broccoli |
Drinks
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el agua | water |
| el café | coffee |
| el té | tea |
| la leche | milk |
| el zumo/jugo | juice |
| el vino | wine |
| la cerveza | beer |
| el refresco | soft drink |
House & Home
Rooms
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la casa | house |
| el piso/apartamento | apartment |
| la habitación | room |
| el dormitorio | bedroom |
| el baño | bathroom |
| la cocina | kitchen |
| el salón/sala | living room |
| el comedor | dining room |
| el despacho | office |
| el garaje | garage |
| el jardín | garden |
| el sótano | basement |
| el ático | attic |
Furniture
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la cama | bed |
| la mesa | table |
| la silla | chair |
| el sofá | sofa |
| el escritorio | desk |
| el armario | closet/wardrobe |
| la estantería | bookshelf |
| la lámpara | lamp |
| la alfombra | carpet/rug |
| el espejo | mirror |
Household Items
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la puerta | door |
| la ventana | window |
| la pared | wall |
| el techo | ceiling |
| el suelo | floor |
| la escalera | stairs |
| la llave | key |
| el televisor | television |
| el teléfono | telephone |
| la computadora | computer |
Clothing
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la ropa | clothes |
| la camisa | shirt |
| la camiseta | t-shirt |
| los pantalones | pants |
| los vaqueros | jeans |
| la falda | skirt |
| el vestido | dress |
| el traje | suit |
| la chaqueta | jacket |
| el abrigo | coat |
| el suéter | sweater |
| los calcetines | socks |
| los zapatos | shoes |
| las botas | boots |
| las zapatillas | sneakers |
| el cinturón | belt |
| el sombrero | hat |
| la gorra | cap |
| los guantes | gloves |
| la bufanda | scarf |
| la corbata | tie |
| el traje de baño | swimsuit |
Transportation
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el coche/carro | car |
| el autobús | bus |
| el tren | train |
| el metro | subway |
| el avión | airplane |
| el barco | boat/ship |
| la bicicleta | bicycle |
| la moto | motorcycle |
| el taxi | taxi |
| el camión | truck |
| la estación | station |
| el aeropuerto | airport |
| la parada | stop |
| el billete | ticket |
| el pasaporte | passport |
| el equipaje | luggage |
| la maleta | suitcase |
Places
In the City
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la ciudad | city |
| el pueblo | town/village |
| la calle | street |
| la avenida | avenue |
| la plaza | square |
| el parque | park |
| el edificio | building |
| la tienda | store |
| el supermercado | supermarket |
| el centro comercial | shopping center |
| el restaurante | restaurant |
| el café | café |
| el bar | bar |
| el banco | bank |
| el hospital | hospital |
| la farmacia | pharmacy |
| la oficina de correos | post office |
| la biblioteca | library |
| el museo | museum |
| el cine | cinema |
| el teatro | theater |
| la iglesia | church |
| la escuela | school |
| la universidad | university |
| el hotel | hotel |
| la gasolinera | gas station |
Nature
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el campo | countryside |
| el bosque | forest |
| la montaña | mountain |
| el río | river |
| el lago | lake |
| el mar | sea |
| la playa | beach |
| la isla | island |
| el desierto | desert |
| el cielo | sky |
| el sol | sun |
| la luna | moon |
| las estrellas | stars |
| el árbol | tree |
| la flor | flower |
| la hierba | grass |
Work & School
Professions
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el/la médico/a | doctor |
| el/la enfermero/a | nurse |
| el/la profesor/a | teacher |
| el/la maestro/a | elementary teacher |
| el/la abogado/a | lawyer |
| el/la ingeniero/a | engineer |
| el/la arquitecto/a | architect |
| el/la contador/a | accountant |
| el/la programador/a | programmer |
| el/la periodista | journalist |
| el/la escritor/a | writer |
| el/la artista | artist |
| el/la músico/a | musician |
| el/la chef/cocinero/a | chef/cook |
| el/la policía | police officer |
| el/la bombero/a | firefighter |
| el/la vendedor/a | salesperson |
| el/la secretario/a | secretary |
| el/la empresario/a | entrepreneur |
Work Terms
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| el trabajo | work/job |
| la empresa | company |
| la oficina | office |
| el sueldo | salary |
| la reunión | meeting |
| el proyecto | project |
| el cliente | client |
| el empleado | employee |
| el contrato | contract |
| las vacaciones | vacation |
School Terms
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| la clase | class |
| el examen | exam |
| la tarea | homework |
| el libro | book |
| el cuaderno | notebook |
| el lápiz | pencil |
| el bolígrafo | pen |
| la mochila | backpack |
| el estudiante | student |
| la nota | grade |
Common Verbs
Essential Verbs
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| ser | to be (permanent) |
| estar | to be (temporary) |
| tener | to have |
| hacer | to do/make |
| ir | to go |
| venir | to come |
| ver | to see |
| dar | to give |
| saber | to know (facts) |
| conocer | to know (people) |
| poder | to be able to |
| querer | to want |
| deber | should/must |
| decir | to say |
| poner | to put |
| salir | to leave |
| llegar | to arrive |
| pasar | to pass/happen |
| quedar | to stay/remain |
| creer | to believe |
| pensar | to think |
| sentir | to feel |
| buscar | to look for |
| encontrar | to find |
| llevar | to carry/wear |
| traer | to bring |
Daily Actions
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| comer | to eat |
| beber | to drink |
| dormir | to sleep |
| despertar | to wake up |
| levantarse | to get up |
| ducharse | to shower |
| vestirse | to get dressed |
| trabajar | to work |
| estudiar | to study |
| leer | to read |
| escribir | to write |
| hablar | to speak |
| escuchar | to listen |
| caminar | to walk |
| correr | to run |
| conducir | to drive |
| comprar | to buy |
| vender | to sell |
| pagar | to pay |
| cocinar | to cook |
| limpiar | to clean |
Common Adjectives
Descriptive
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| grande | big |
| pequeño | small |
| alto | tall |
| bajo | short |
| largo | long |
| corto | short |
| ancho | wide |
| estrecho | narrow |
| gordo | fat |
| delgado/flaco | thin |
| joven | young |
| viejo | old |
| nuevo | new |
| antiguo | ancient/old |
| bueno | good |
| malo | bad |
| bonito | pretty |
| feo | ugly |
| fácil | easy |
| difícil | difficult |
| rápido | fast |
| lento | slow |
| caro | expensive |
| barato | cheap |
| limpio | clean |
| sucio | dirty |
| lleno | full |
| vacío | empty |
| abierto | open |
| cerrado | closed |
Personality
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| simpático | nice/likeable |
| antipático | unpleasant |
| amable | kind |
| inteligente | intelligent |
| tonto | silly/stupid |
| trabajador | hardworking |
| perezoso | lazy |
| tranquilo | calm |
| nervioso | nervous |
| alegre | cheerful |
| triste | sad |
| serio | serious |
| divertido | fun/funny |
| aburrido | boring |
| interesante | interesting |
| honesto | honest |
| generoso | generous |
| tímido | shy |
Feelings
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| feliz | happy |
| contento | content |
| triste | sad |
| enojado/enfadado | angry |
| preocupado | worried |
| cansado | tired |
| hambriento | hungry |
| sediento | thirsty |
| enfermo | sick |
| sano | healthy |
| ocupado | busy |
| libre | free |
| sorprendido | surprised |
| asustado | scared |
| emocionado | excited |
Colors
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| rojo | red |
| azul | blue |
| verde | green |
| amarillo | yellow |
| naranja | orange |
| morado/púrpura | purple |
| rosa/rosado | pink |
| marrón/café | brown |
| negro | black |
| blanco | white |
| gris | gray |
| dorado | gold |
| plateado | silver |
| claro | light |
| oscuro | dark |
Question Words
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| ¿qué? | what? |
| ¿quién? | who? |
| ¿cuál? | which? |
| ¿dónde? | where? |
| ¿adónde? | to where? |
| ¿cuándo? | when? |
| ¿por qué? | why? |
| ¿cómo? | how? |
| ¿cuánto? | how much? |
| ¿cuántos? | how many? |
Connectors & Transitions
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| y | and |
| o | or |
| pero | but |
| porque | because |
| entonces | then/so |
| sin embargo | however |
| además | besides/also |
| también | also |
| tampoco | neither |
| aunque | although |
| si | if |
| cuando | when |
| mientras | while |
| después | after |
| antes | before |
| primero | first |
| luego | then |
| finalmente | finally |
| por eso | that's why |
| por lo tanto | therefore |
Useful Expressions
| Spanish | English |
|---|
| por favor | please |
| gracias | thank you |
| de nada | you're welcome |
| lo siento | I'm sorry |
| con permiso | excuse me |
| perdón | pardon |
| claro | of course |
| vale/bueno | okay |
| ¡salud! | bless you/cheers! |
| ¡suerte! | good luck! |
| ¡cuidado! | careful! |
| no hay problema | no problem |
| no te preocupes | don't worry |
| ¡qué bien! | how nice! |
| ¡qué lástima! | what a pity! |
| depende | it depends |
| más o menos | more or less |
| a lo mejor | maybe |
| en serio | seriously |
| por supuesto | of course |